EVENTS
- 1258 – Battle of Baghdad.
- 1763 – End of the French and Indian War.
- 1863 – The fire extinguisher is invented by Alanson Crane.
- 1931 – New Delhi becomes the capital of India.
- 1942 – The first Medal of Honor during World War II was awarded to 2nd Lt. Alexander Nininger (posthumously) for heroism during the Battle of Bataan.
- 1962 – Francis Gary Powers, a U.S. spy captured by the Soviet Union, is released. Powers was exchanged for captured Soviet spy, Rudolf Ivanovich Abel.
- 1964 – An aircraft carrier collides with a destroyer in Australia, killing 82. Destroyer HMAS Voyager sailed under aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourn’s bow, was cut in half and sank.
- 1964 – Bob Dylan’s album “The Times They Are A-Changin’” is released. The title track is one of Dylan’s best-known songs.
- 1967 – The 25th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, clarifying the procedures for presidential succession in the event of the disability of a sitting president.
- 1996 – Computer wins chess match over Garry Kasparov.
- 2009 – Two satellites collide in space. Both the U.S. satellite “Iridium 33” and the Russian “Kosmos 2251” were destroyed in the accident.
BIRTHDAYS
- 1744 – William Cornwallis (English Admiral)
- 1775 – Charles Lamb (Author)
- 1890 – Boris Pasternak (Russian author, poet, Nobel Prize laureate)
- 1893 – Bill Tilden (Tennis Player)
- 1894 – Harold Macmillan (English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom)
- 1898 – Bertolt Brecht (German author)
- 1929 – Jerry Goldsmith (American composer, conductor)
- 1930 – Robert Wagner (Actor)
- 1950 – Mark Spitz (Olympic Swimmer)
- 1955 – Greg Norman (Golfer)
- 1967 – Laura Dern (Actress)
- 1997 – Chloe Moretz (Actress)
DEATHS
- 1755 – Montesquieu (French philosopher)
- 1837 – Alexander Pushkin (Russian author, poet)
- 1923 – Wilhelm Röntgen (German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate)
- 1932 – Edgar Wallace (English journalist, author, playwright)
- 2005 – Arthur Miller (American playwright)