EVENTS
- 1821 – Mexico gains full independence from Spain.
- 1905 – Albert Einstein publishes ‘Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?’ In this paper he shows the relationship between energy and mass.
- 1922 – Constantine I of Greece abdicates. Constantine I of Greece abdicated in favor of his son, George II, after a military revolt.
- 1928 – The US first recognizes The Republic of China.
- 1937 – The Bali tiger goes extinct. Native to the Indonesian island of Bali, the Bali Tiger was made extinct due to human activities and hunting. On this day, the last known adult Balinese tiger was shot dead.
- 1940 – Tripartite Pact is signed. It established the Axis powers during World War II and was signed by representatives of Germany, Italy and Imperial Japan.
- 1954 – ‘The Tonight Show’ first airs on nationwide TV.
- 1962 – Establishment of Yemen Arab Republic. Gamal Abdel Nasser declared the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic after staging a coup that deposed the King Muhammad Al-Badr.
- 1964 – After a 10-month investigation, the Warren Commission Report was issued stating a lone gunman had been responsible for the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22, 1963.
- 1995 – The Israeli cabinet agreed to give Palestinians control of much of the West Bank which had been occupied by Israel for 28 years.
- 1996 – Taliban take over Kabul. Following the take-over, the Islamic fundamentalist group established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
BIRTHDAYS
- 1722 – Samuel Adams (American Patriot)
- 1840 – American political cartoonist Thomas Nast (1840-1902) was born in Landau, Germany. He originated the symbols for the two main U.S. political parties, the Democratic donkey and the Republican elephant. Nast was also instrumental in destroying the Tweed Ring, a group of corrupt politicians plundering the New York City treasury.
- 1947 – Meat Loaf (Rock Singer)
- 1949 – Mike Schmidt (Baseball Player)
- 1958 – Shaun Cassidy (Singer – Teen Pop Idol)
- 1965 – Steve Kerr (Basketball Player/ NBA Coach)
- 1972 – Gwyneth Paltrow (Actress)
- 1982 – Lil Wayne (Rapper)
- 1984 – Avril Lavigne (Singer)
DEATHS
- 1833 – Ram Mohan Roy (Indian reformer)
- 1876 – Braxton Bragg (American general)
- 1917 – Edgar Degas (French painter)
- 1944 – Aimee Semple McPherson (Canadian/American evangelist, founded the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel)
- 1965 – Clara Bow (American actress)